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Variance Analysis Process and Using the AEAR Pivot Template

Introduction

Some releases include significant accounting code improvements and are intended to simplify and rationalize the way some common lease lifecycle events are handled from an accounting perspective, specifically with regard to:

  • Application of remeasurement dates when arbitrary dates are used, and

  • Order of operations when a retroactive event is recorded that results in a conflict with a previously recorded event that impacts future periods.

  • Penny rounding.

This guide is intended to help clients perform an impact assessment in the Preview environment to prepare themselves for some of the changes that will be part of each release. Please see the Release Notes for detailed information on everything included in each release.

Download a PDF version of the guide.

Steps to Perform a Variance Analysis in Release Preview

Step

Action

1

Generate an Adjusting Entries Analysis Report for the entire portfolio, for the first open month, out of Preview.

2

Download and open the new Adjusting Entries Analysis Report Pivot Template from Ask Alex or the Success Center. 

3

Copy and Move the Adjusting Entries Analysis tab to the Pivot Template.

4

In the Pivot Template, go to the RUN tab and click Generate Pivots.

5

Once the pivot tabs have been created, Save this file.

6

Generate a Portfolio: Trial Balance Report for the first open month in Preview.

7

Scroll to the bottom section of the report called the Portfolio Trial Balance Analysis Grid. Scroll down to the bottom of this table and to the left you will find the download icon to enable you to download to Excel.

8

Within the Portfolio: Trial Balance Report, create a pivot table where:

  • Row Labels are Account Description

  • Columns are Months and Month End Date

  • Values are Sum of Amount

9

Repeat steps 6-8 from your Production environment.

10

On a separate Excel sheet, compare the balances by Account Description from Preview and Production.

Note: You can use vLookup or vLookup function.

11

Note the variances by account that are significant enough to merit further investigation.

Caution: The variances would include any activity recorded in Production since the Production data was copied over to Preview.

12

For every account that shows a significant variance,

  1. Go to the pivot tables created in steps 4 and 8

  2. In each pivot table, double-click on the balance for the account. This will produce a new sheet with the schedule level balances for that account.

  3. Compare the schedule level balances between Preview and Production using xLookup or vLookup.

  4. Note the lease schedules causing significant variances.

  5. Search for each significantly impacted schedule by filtering the Adjusting Entries Analysis Report by the Schedule Number.

  6. Review the adjusting entries for the schedule and “Reason for Adjusting Entry” column for clues to what’s causing the variance. See below for an index of these impact codes.

    1. Note that there could be a combination of reasons driving the adjustment, depending on the use case.

    2. A particular remeasurement adjustment could result in a number of downstream recurring monthly adjustments. Not all of these recurring adjusting entries may be tagged with the reason code triggering the original adjustment. For instance 21R3 would cause a renewal with Ledger Date of January 20, 2020 to now result in a remeasurement effective January 1, 2020 (previously January 20, 2020). This would result in a small reduction on the remeasured PV. This would cause the downstream monthly recurring depreciation to be slightly lower and the interest expense to be slightly higher, though the total expense over the life of the lease would remain the same.

    3. The adjusting entries could also be driven by reasons unrelated to the 21R3 updates, such as catch-up entries for retroactive transactions or corrections of errors in closed periods in the current open period.

  7. Should the reasons for the variances prove too complicated to analyze by just reviewing the adjusting entries, we would recommend running a Ledger Export report for the entire life of the lease schedule being reviewed and then analyzing the various remeasurements, the adjusting entries and the monthly expense trend, to gain a better sense of what’s driving the adjustments in the current open period.

  8. Repeat steps1-6 for any additional accounts that need variance review.

In our experience, a large variance in one account usually explains a large variance in another account. So the number of accounts and variances that would need to be directly investigated would not be as large as it would appear at first glance. Again, you want to spend the time performing the variance analysis only if you consider fluctuations in the expense and balance sheet accounts to be material. Though each release may result in a very large number of adjustment entries, we believe that most of these are the result of either the above logical progressions or related bug fixes.

Impact Codes Specific to Current Release

Impact Code

Explanation

Incorrectly flipped to Operating lease treatment prior to second event

Where an event included recognition of one or more evergreen payments (explicit or implied), whether RC or not, subsequent events could be posted using the wrong accounting treatment.

Loose change / penny rounding

Changes due to the way in which fractions smaller than one cent (or equivalent in applicable currency) are handled by the new code.

Shifted expense recognition to a different period in the past

Corrections of attribution of past adjusting entries to specific fiscal periods that swap out the inaccurate fiscal period for the accurate one. See also Wash entry below.

Wash entry

Most commonly appearing to shift an accounting entry from one historical period to another. Generally, these are corrections to address incomplete attribution of prior adjusting entries. One leg of the new adjusting entry reverses the adjusting entry, which was not properly linked to the adjusted date, while the other leg of the new adjusting entry links to the originally adjusted date. This will be important for functional balances as we continue with our improvements around FX.

Unexplained

These entries may fall outside of the above ‘fingerprints’ that

LeaseAccelerator identified, as described above, and may merit further investigation. Note that they may nevertheless originate from one of the changes above, but the cause of the adjusting entry could not be reliably ascribed to a specific source.

Historical Impact Codes

Impact Code

Explanation

Adjusted FX date to respect initial takedown inclusion of RCHP

When a lease is booked into multiple ledgers with the policy election to ignore reasonably certain holding period (RCHP), but an RCHP is specified that is longer than the contractual term, there is different behavior between the ledgers on RC renewal date. Those ledgers that do respect RCHP regardless of the policy election (standalone ASC 842 and IFRS 16 ledgers) will not remeasure, as the RCHP was already taken into account for initial takedown. However, the FX date for asset-related journal entries (e.g. depreciation) was being changed to the renewal date as if there had been a remeasurement, due to the remeasurement in other ledgers. This has been corrected, and the FX date is now properly reflected in all ledgers.

Allocation of scheduled related expenses to specific product categories

Where a scheduled IDC, Lease Incentive, or Deposit was captured in the system with an explicit product category designation such that the lease contains assets of a different product category, the amounts were previously allocated across all assets incorrectly, and could be doubled in the case of deposits. Adjusting entries will reallocate the scheduled related expense to the applicable assets and will eliminate the erroneous doubling of deposits.

A/P Reconciliation prior to transition was masking transition

A disbursement Import (manual/API) was the last event recorded prior to transition, and transition reclassification was lost. Impacted deals would have been subjected to adjusting entries that reversed the transition classification and reinstated pre-transition accounting, typically incorrectly taking the lease off the balance sheet.

Capitalized interest expense on modification

Modified capitalized-operating schedules with step payment structures and/or lease start dates other than beginning fiscal month dates now reflect accurate capitalized interest expense for both the final month of the original schedule (aka Left-Hand-Side) as well as the first month of the modified schedule (aka Right-Hand-Side). This update includes schedules paid in advance as well as arrears.

Change to payee code driving recoding of A/P and A/R entries

Changes to payee code were not properly reflected on cash flow journal entries. If payee code is used, but not included in the GL coding, it may produce what appear to be useless adjusting entries, but those ensure that the Payables Export reflects the proper payee code.

Corrected hanging balances associated with mid-term balance adjustment

Balance adjustments recorded for dates other than lease start date prior to 24R2 may have resulted in hanging balances. These adjusting entries resolve those scenarios.

Correct missed flip to operating lease status after evergreening but before a term renewal

In some cases, where a deal went into evergreen for a period of time and was subsequently renewed with one or more term renewals exceeding 12 months in length, the lease remained on balance sheet for the duration of the lease. The lease should go off balance sheet on going into evergreen. If you want the lease to return on balance sheet with the term renewals, you must explicitly perform a classification of the deal effective the start of the term renewal at which you want the lease to return on balance sheet. Where deals were erroneously left on balance sheet, the erroneous accounting will be reversed and replaced with off balance sheet treatment.

Correct premature flip to operating lease status affecting events after a renewal

In certain situations, notably where a renewal or implied evergreen starting during but extending beyond the end of the reasonably certain holding period (RCHP), events subsequent to the renewal but before the actual end of RCHP could be posted using the wrong accounting treatment.

Corrected premature writeoff of assets on term renewal

Leases which went through both an evergreen period and a term renewal could erroneously post entries to reverse the fully depreciated assets off the balance sheet on the second renewal (whichever occurred second), resulting in negative assets and/or hanging balances in the Lease asset and Accumulated Depreciation accounts. These adjustments ensure that fully depreciated assets are not reversed off the balance sheet until terminated.

Corrected premature reversal of Allowance for Impairment

In some circumstances, leases with one or more impaired assets which were terminated left hanging balances in the Allowance for Impairment account. These adjustments ensure the appropriate writeoff of Allowance for Impairment account balances on termination.

Corrected premature writeoff of assets on partial termination

Leases which underwent a partial termination and were subsequently terminated, modified, or renewed could erroneously post entries to reverse the fully depreciated assets off the balance sheet, resulting in negative assets and/or hanging balances in the Lease asset and Accumulated Depreciation accounts. These adjustments ensure that fully depreciated assets are not reversed off the balance sheet until terminated.

Correct FX date for penny rounding entries associated with asset accounts

Reposts penny rounding associated with asset accounts to properly reflect the takedown date of the asset for FX purposes.

Correction for events previously

entered/processed out of logical order

"Hopscotch" events no longer create odd expense patterns or hanging balances. The date entered (effective date of remeasurement) used to process each event is validated against the core principles -- the date entered cannot follow the actual date of the event and must be aligned with the first day of a fiscal period -- so that events are processed in logical, chronological order, regardless of how they are entered into the system.

Cumulative correction to clear penny, asset-level hanging balances

With the majority of penny entries now being suppressed during the lease-life, an entry is now posted at either termination or the reasonably certain end of the lease. These entries represent an accumulation of the suppressed entries.

Impact Code

Explanation

Cumulative penny rounding adjustment

With the rounding augmentation in place, small fluctuations in the monthly straight-lined depreciation and straight-lined expense will often occur. Cumulative adjustment entries in the first open period to correct existing transactions based on the new code.

Deal not previously reported; not classified

in all ledgers

Deals classified in only a subset of the standards into which the deal is booked were not appearing on reports for the non-classified standards.

Such deals will now be reported, with NonLease treatment.

Depreciation of asset-only lease

Adjusting entries associated with accounting enhancements in the 21R3 release inadvertently created hanging balances for schedules with no liabilities and zero payments in which the Balance Adjustment process was used to load Asset and Accumulated Depreciation balances. This unique, unusual scenario has now been resolved.

Expense correction for one-time payment adjustment concomitant with partial termination

Partial terminations which specify a surviving rental amount in the same period as a one-time (non-remeasuring) payment adjustment were mishandling the impacts on Capitalized-Operating SLE calculations. The termination writeoff is now adjusted to ignore the payment adjustment for purposes of calculating any gain or loss, and appropriate adjustments to expense recognition are posted to appropriately recognize the one-time payment adjustment in the fiscal period.

Expense recognition correction for fiscal periods containing two payments and an accounting event

For 4/4/5 filers, unusual fluctuations in expense could occur when an accounting event landed in a five-week month that also included two payments. For example, a partial termination between the two payments specifying a surviving rental amount could miscalculate SLE by including both payments in the remeasurement calculations. These fluctuations have been corrected, resulting in much improved, consistent SLE.

Expense recognition for the date of termination

Terminations always occur at the end of the day. Where terminations are recorded on the first day of a payment period (typically in error) for a Capitalized-Operating lease, straight-line expense will be recognized for that day.

Gain/Loss recognition for early termination

Expense recognition has been adjusted for early terminations, most notably in the case of early buyout, to ensure proper recognition of Gain (Loss) and appropriate valuation of any Purchased Asset.

Modification on lease start date

Backdated modifications on the first day of the lease now clear out any accounting for the lease. Note, however, that this is not best practice. Best practice suggests you should either edit the deal to correct it, or delete and re-enter the deal correctly. If this is a middle deal in a modification chain, roll back the modification and re-enter the modification correction.

Otherwise, you will not get appropriate reallocation entries, as there is no active window for the middle lease in the modification chain from which to pull coding.

One-time payment adjustment / Other payment adjustment excluded from Transition

One-time payment adjustments and recurring payment adjustments of reason type Other which affect payment on the transition date are no longer included in the transition remeasurement. Recurring payment adjustments of reason type Change in Underlying Index Rate which affect payment on the transition date are no longer included in the transition remeasurement for ASC 842 if they were recorded on or after the transition date.

Payment adjustment on lease start date

Payment adjustments from the first day of the lease are now processed. (Previously, the payment adjustment was ignored.) Note, however, that this is not best practice and is no longer allowed in the application. Best practice suggests you should either edit the deal to correct the payment schedule, or delete and re-enter the deal with the correct payment schedule.

Payment adjustment superseded by surviving payment specified as part of partial termination event on

same date

When recording a partial termination, the UI provides a field to specify the surviving payment, which is auto-calculated at the time of recordation. If a payment adjustment effective the same date is recorded after the partial termination, it will typically be lost, because payment adjustments apply at the beginning of the day and terminations apply at the end of the day. The recommended approach to handling this is to correct the surviving payment on the recorded partial termination to incorporate the payment adjustment. Going forward, if it is desired to record the payment adjustment and termination separately, record the payment adjustment first.

Payment reasonably certain in other ledgers now present on renewal

When a lease is booked into multiple ledgers with the policy election to ignore reasonably certain holding period (RCHP), but an RCHP is specified that is longer than the contractual term, on RC renewal, those payments did not appear in ASC 840 / IAS 17 standalone ledgers, nor in transition ledgers if the lease started prior to transition, because the payments had already been recognized and accounted for in an ASC 842 / IFRS 16 standalone ledger. Those renewals and their associated payments are now properly recognized, along with any necessary remeasurement associated with a term renewal, in ledgers that did not respect RCHP at the time the lease was booked. This is particularly relevant to "transition straddle" deals which start before transition with an RCHP specified (but ignored) and are then subsequently renewed, either before or after transition.

Payments and

amortization should have ignored RCHP

Where a reasonably certain holding period (RCHP) was specified that was less than the contractual term, LeaseAccelerator was respecting the reasonably certain holding period specified by the user for purposes of payments and amortization, despite the lease starting prior to transition with the policy election checked to ignore RCHP. (With the policy election checked, reasonably certain holding period should be ignored prior to transition and in standalone ASC 840 and IAS 17 ledgers.) Now, the RCHP is properly ignored and the accounting is consistent with the policy election, showing payments and amortization over the contractual term.

Penny adjustment to ensure Finance lease payments are balanced

These small adjustments are to ensure that the overall entry related to the payment on a finance lease are balanced. These entries typically include a credit to Accounts Payable Clearing and debits to the Liability and Interest Accrued accounts.

Penny adjustment to clear LT liability balance in final year on balance sheet

These small adjustments are to ensure that the Long-Term Liability account balance zeroes out in the final fiscal year in which the lease is on balance sheet.

Reallocation prior to transition was masking transition

A reallocation was the last event recorded prior to transition, and transition reclassification was lost. Impacted deals would have been subjected to adjusting entries that reversed the transition classification and reinstated pre-transition accounting, typically incorrectly taking the lease off the balance sheet. See also A/P Reconciliation prior to transition was masking transition above.

Reasonably certain evergreen payment adjusted to reflect last RC term renewal payment

In rare circumstances -- where a lease had multiple reasonably certain term renewals with different payment amounts, as well as a reasonably certain evergreen period following those term renewals -- the wrong renewal payment was used for the RC evergreen period when calculating the initial takedown.

Reinstate improperly reversed assets associated with evergreen events

In circumstances where a lease underwent multiple changes, including and typically after going into evergreen, sometimes the fully depreciated asset was prematurely reversed off the books. These entries put the fully depreciated asset back on the books.

Reinstate missing evergreen entries

In rare circumstances, evergreen payments were not properly carried forward and simply stopped without the lease actually having been terminated.

Reinstatement of accumulated

depreciation lost during step payment adjustment

remeasurement

Previously, when a step payment adjustment was recorded for a deal in evergreen, the depreciated portion of the asset was removed from the books prematurely. The depreciated portion of the asset and its offsetting Accumulated Depreciation balance are now retained on the balance sheet including until termination.

Remeasurement shifted back to the first day of the fiscal period

All remeasurements -- transition, renewal that implicitly extends RCHP, recurring payment adjustments, and partial terminations that specify a surviving rental amount that changes the surviving rental amount -- are now aligned with the first day of the fiscal period in which the remeasurement applies. This can result in small differences in PV, meaning the remeasured liability, asset, and all associated amortization and depreciation, are subject to small adjusting entries. However, it also eliminates the need for mid-month proration of expense, particularly where the expense may be changing due to the remeasurement, and with the possible added complexity of 4/4/5 calendars. The new model is far easier to validate.

Impact Code

Explanation

Renewal or payment adjustment recorded prior to transition

Corrections to hanging balances in the Obligation LT account when a renewal or payment adjustment was recorded before transition, but with an effective date of the renewal or payment adjustment after transition.

Renewal remeasured in month of transition now

included in transition remeasurement

Term renewals which start on the transition date (e.g. 1/1/2019) are now assumed to have been known prior to transition, and are included in the transition remeasurement.

Restructured accounting presentation

Changes resulting from adjustments to classification or journal entry configuration that cancel each other out with no net impact at the account level.

Reversal of incorrectly posted adjusting entry (“time bubble”)

This rare adjusting entry presented due to the time bubble issue that is more detailed in the 23R1 release notes. Please refer to those for more information.

everse unnecessary edge case remeasurement due to late month lease start date with RCHP reevaluation on RC renewal

For leases with a start date on the 27th, 28th, 29th, or 30th of the month, such that a reasonably certain term renewal is recorded that does not change the reasonably certain holding period (RCHP), date calculations may have erroneously concluded that the RCHP had been extended by a month, driving an unnecessary remeasurement.

Termination in first (partial) fiscal period of implicit evergreen

When a lease goes into evergreen, unless the evergreen was reasonably certain, the accounting treatment changes to Operating lease treatment. If the evergreen event is not actually recorded, the system will still treat additional payments as implicit evergreen. However, because there is no event recorded, the expense for the first month of evergreen is still recorded as a full month of expense. With a mid-month start date, if the lease is terminated in the same fiscal period in which the lease went into evergreen, there may be accounting irregularities due to the expense recognition. The correction for this is to either adjust the termination date to be the last day before evergreen begins, or roll back the termination, record the missing evergreen, and then record the termination.

Transfer of deferred rent balance

Correction to deferred rent on a lease modified to add assets that now correctly applies unamortized deferred rent balance only to transferred assets, and not to assets added as a part of the modification.

Writeoff of Return to Original Condition ARO

Close-out journal entries for schedules with “Return to Original Condition” ARO liability have been redesigned to properly reverse the asset and liability balances while transferring the difference to the assigned Gain/Loss account.

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